Optimizing Lean University Services Through UI/UX Design Using a User Centered Design Approach in Rokan Hulu

Urfi Utami; Hendry Kurniawan; Richi Andrianto; Sri Nelvi Yona; Emilia Wati

doi:10.51454/decode.v6i1.1607

Authors

Urfi Utami Information Systems Universitas Pasir Pengaraian
Hendry Kurniawan Information Systems Universitas Pasir Pengaraian
Richi Andrianto Information Systems Institut Teknologi Dan Sains Padang Lawas Utara
Sri Nelvi Yona Information Systems Universitas Pasir Pengaraian
Emilia Wati Information Systems Universitas Pasir Pengaraian

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51454/decode.v6i1.1607

Keywords:

Digital Services, Higher Education, Lean Service, UI/UX, User Centered Design

Abstract

Digital transformation in higher education demands efficient and user-centered digital service systems, particularly in regional universities where service processes are often fragmented, manual, and insufficiently aligned with user needs, such as in the context of Rokan Hulu. Existing studies predominantly address User Centered Design (UCD) or Lean Service separately, leaving a research gap in their integrated application for optimizing university digital services in developing regions. This study aims to bridge this gap by proposing an integrated UCD–Lean framework to redesign UI/UX and streamline service workflows based on empirical user needs and operational efficiency principles. The research adopts a four-stage UCD methodology consisting of context of use analysis through observations and semi-structured interviews with students, lecturers, and administrative staff; requirement specification using user personas and journey mapping; iterative design solutions developed through wireframes and interactive prototypes in Figma; and usability evaluation. Lean principles were operationalized through workflow simplification, elimination of non–value-added steps, and value-oriented interaction design. A purposive sample of 100 respondents representing primary academic service users in Rokan Hulu participated in usability testing using the System Usability Scale (SUS), selected for its reliability in prototype-level assessment. The results show a mean SUS score of 80 (“Good”), indicating acceptable usability and positive user acceptance, while the study theoretically contributes a contextual UCD–Lean integration model and positions its findings as preliminary usability evidence rather than definitive operational effectiveness due to prototype-based evaluation limitations.

References

Aloudat, M. Z., Aboumadi, A., Soliman, A., Al-Mohammed, H. A., Al-Ali, M., Mahgoub, A., Barhamgi, M., & Yaacoub, E. (2025). Metaverse Unbound: A Survey on Synergistic Integration Between Semantic Communication, 6G, and Edge Learning. IEEE Access, 13, 58302-58350. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3555753

Bashir, M. (2024). Construction And Validation Of An Instrument To Explore Prospects And Challenges Of Campus Management System. Inverge Journal of Social Sciences, 3(4), 110-126. https://doi.org/10.63544/ijss.v3i4.151

Bhat, S., Bhat, S., Raju, R., D’Souza, R., & Binu, K. G. (2020). Collaborative Learning For Outcome Based Engineering Education: A Lean Thinking Approach. Procedia Computer Science, 172, 927-936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.05.134

Clark, N., Dabkowski, M., Driscoll, P. J., Kennedy, D., Kloo, I., & Shi, H. (2021). Empirical Decision Rules for Improving the Uncertainty Reporting of Small Sample System Usability Scale Scores. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 37(13), 1191-1206. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2020.1870831

Gonugunta, K. C., & Leo, K. (2024). ERP Systems in Higher Education Institutions: Adoption, Challenges, and Future Trends. The Metascience, 2(2), 86-96.

Ilyas, I. M., Kansikas, J., & Fayolle, A. (2024). Rethinking Entrepreneurship And Management Education For Engineering Students: The Appropriateness Of Design Thinking. International Journal of Management Education, 22(3), 101029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2024.101029

Kakouris, A., Sfakianaki, E., & Tsioufis, M. (2022). Lean Thinking In Lean Times For Education. Annals of Operations Research, 316(1), 657–697. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-021-04055-7

Lin, J., Shen, J., & Silfvenius, C. (2024). Human-Centric and Integrative Lighting Asset Management in Public Libraries: Insights and Innovations on Its Strategy and Sustainable Development. Sustainability (Switzerland) , 16(5), 2096. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16052096

Lu, J. (2025). A Systematic Literature Review Of Usability Definitions And Psychometric Properties Of Instruments In The Field Of Learning Design And Technology. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2025.2459165

Marcelino, S. M., Lima, T. M., & Gaspar, P. D. (2023). Lean Laboratory—Designing an Application of Lean for Teaching and Research Laboratories. Designs, 7(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs7010017

Mirabdolah, A., Alaeifard, M., & Marandi, A. (2023). User-Centered Design in HCl: Enhancing Usability and Interaction in Complex Systems. International Journal of Advanced Human Computer Interaction, 1(1), 16-33.

Pratama, Y. H. C., Hafidz, M. A., Lazuardy, N., & Naristi, K. (2024). Application Of User Centered Design (Ucd) Method For Ui/Ux Design At Husqy Petshop. MSJ : Majority Science Journal, 2(2), 62–70. https://doi.org/10.61942/msj.v2i2.152

Putra, F. A. A., Waluyo, B., Faturohman, R., Purwoprasetyo, W. D., & Setiawan, I. (2025). Analisis Usability Testing Menggunakan Metode System Usability Scale terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna Website Kemahasiswaan Universitas Amikom Purwokerto. Uranus : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro, Sains Dan Informatika, 3(1), 121–130. https://doi.org/10.61132/uranus.v3i1.673

Putri, J. A. (2024). Perancangan Ui/Ux Pada Sistem Monitoring Bimbingan Tugas Akhir Dengan Metode User Centered Design. https://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/id/eprint/98070

Rahman, R. N., & Chairuddin, C. (2024). Perancangan UI/UX untuk Aplikasi Tafsir Al-Quran Berbasis Mobile Menggunakan Metode HDC (Human Centered Design). Decode: Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi, 4(3), 1101–1111. https://doi.org/10.51454/decode.v4i3.726

Spiridonova, E. V., & Kaloshina, T. Y. (2025). Lean Production Training For Technical University Students Using Business Simulators. Obrazovanie i Nauka, 27(2), 34-57. https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2025-2-34-57

Suja’I, M. I., Rukun, K., Ridwan, Hayadi, B. H., Yanto, B., & Permatasari, R. D. P. (2019). The Effectiveness of Learning Media Developed with the Kahoot Application on the Subject of Management Information System. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1363 (2019) 012065. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1363/1/012065

Thomson, E., Auhl, G., Uys, P., Wood, D., & Woolley, D. (2019). Towards Best Practice In Course Design: A Case Study Of Flexibility And Collaboration Between Users And Developers In Supporting Process With Technology. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, 16(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.53761/1.16.1.6

Velsen, L. V., Ludden, G., & Grünloh, C. (2022). The Limitations of User-and Human-Centered Design in an eHealth Context and How to Move Beyond Them. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(10), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.2196/37341

Visescu, I., Lárusdóttir, M., & Choi, W. (2025). Exploration of UCD Practice Limitations. Interacting with Computers, 37(5), 412–429. https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwae046

Yousif, T. (2025). Using a User-Centered Design Process to Create a Medical Appointment Booking Application: Education Case Study. Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science, 28(3).